Insulation is a combination of materials used to conserve energy by preventing heat flow. An insulation should be able to reduce or prevent damage to equipment from corrosion or from fire exposure and increase the operating efficiency of industrial installation systems such as cooling/heating, ventilating, plumbing, power and process. The insulation with a temperature range between -750C to 8150C are termed as thermal insulation and temperatures below -7500C are cryogenic and temperatures above 8150
C are refractory. A high quality insulation is applied for equipment working under very low temperatures. Cold insulation is generally applied where the environmental temperature is below the ambient temperature. Properties such as thermal conductivity, alkalinity (pH) or acidity, abrasion resistance, chemical reactivity/passivity, comprehensive strength & breaking load, combustibility, and coefficient of expansion /contraction should be considered while selecting materials for insulation, depending on the type of application. An insulation, if properly chosen such that it is maintenance-free and non-complaining, is likely to look after the smooth operation, safety and economy of the equipment insulated.
The market for cold insulation can be segmented into type of material, end-user applicants, and region. In terms of type of material used, the cold insulation market can be segmented into fiber glass, Polyisocyanurate, polyurethane foam, nitrile rubber, phenolic foam, ceramic fiber, polystyrene foam (EPS & XPS), and others. Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate have assumed significant importance due to the numerous superior qualities they possess. These materials can be installed in-situ-by pouring or by spray and applied in preformed shapes. The materials can be available in any form, size, and shape depending on the application
Cold Insulation Materials
C are refractory. A high quality insulation is applied for equipment working under very low temperatures. Cold insulation is generally applied where the environmental temperature is below the ambient temperature. Properties such as thermal conductivity, alkalinity (pH) or acidity, abrasion resistance, chemical reactivity/passivity, comprehensive strength & breaking load, combustibility, and coefficient of expansion /contraction should be considered while selecting materials for insulation, depending on the type of application. An insulation, if properly chosen such that it is maintenance-free and non-complaining, is likely to look after the smooth operation, safety and economy of the equipment insulated.
The market for cold insulation can be segmented into type of material, end-user applicants, and region. In terms of type of material used, the cold insulation market can be segmented into fiber glass, Polyisocyanurate, polyurethane foam, nitrile rubber, phenolic foam, ceramic fiber, polystyrene foam (EPS & XPS), and others. Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate have assumed significant importance due to the numerous superior qualities they possess. These materials can be installed in-situ-by pouring or by spray and applied in preformed shapes. The materials can be available in any form, size, and shape depending on the application
Cold Insulation Materials
Just like hot insulation materials, some of the materials used to produce cold insulation vary dependent upon the system of pipes they are insulating. Therefore, the materials used in either hot or cold insulation are dependent on the customization of the particular piping system. Two common materials used in cold insulation are:
- Polyurethane Foam: Perfect for handling low thermal conductivity and substances with below freezing temperatures. Polyurethane foam also allows for low smoke emission and low water vapor permeability.
- Rubber Foam: Rubber foam is also often recommended for condensation control as the closed cell technology is highly resistant to moisture vapor.
With chilled insulation, keeping the cold in is as important as keeping the heat out. There are many types of insulation used on chilled water pipes. The two most popular are foam glass and rubber insulation or Armaflex. Although a little more difficult to work with than pre molded fiberglass, when installed correctly, these materials do a great job of stopping condensation and preventing energy loss.
The materials used in hot insulation do not need a barrier for water vapour which is required by the cold insulation system to work.
In addition the good thing is that the water vapour barrier prevents the degradation of the metal which is expected at any point of time.
The type of metal, foam and fibreglass used for thermal bridging in cold insulation are much flexible as compared to materials of hot insulation.
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